Larry revision

- Sudden occurrence of diseases.

- Cancelling and postponing of mice (meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions).

- Tourists not wanting to risk getting infected by the contagious disease.

- Example; 2003 Sars epidemic in hong kong

> tourists arrivals fell from march to April 2003.

> Bookings for easter holiday period also fell. 

- Poses risks and destroys tourist infrastructure.

- Example; 2010 Iceland volcanic eruption

> 107,000 flights were cancelled during a 8-day period, which was 48% of the total air traffic (10 million passengers).

> airlines collectively lost 130m$ in lost revenues.

> tourism industry lost money – tourists unable to make the trip.




 

- Slowdown in economic activities – loss of jobs or income.

- results in the cut down of spending and  demand for goods and services.

- example; Global financial crisis
> consumer spending lowered due to rising unemployment ( 5.4m jobs were lost in usa in 2008).

> less disposable income to finance holidays. 
- disagreement between groups of people that may pose threats to tourists.

- disrupts services and damage infrastructure.

- example; Thailand 2008 political crisis
> the clashes left 2 people dead and over 300 people injured, including 20 policemen.

> thousands of tourists were stranded and cut off from most international air connections – blockage of international airports.

> explosions and clashes occurred in the next few days. 

Darren's presentation

Transfom plate boundary
⁃ plates slide past each other
⁃ tremendous stress builds up
⁃ eventually released as a violent earthquake


c) Describe in details the possible impact of earthquakes for the people living in Haiti. [4m]

One possible effect is the collaspe of infrastructure
⁃ earthquakes may cause cracks to form in infrastructure such as roads and bridges.
⁃ transportation can be disrupted as it is unsafe to use the damaged roads
⁃ which can then cause inconvenience and slow down the entire life saving process

Another possible impact is the spread of diseases
- Lack of proper sanitation
- Cholera and typhoid spread rapidly
- water borne diseases

Khalis revision

Intro:

In my opinion,I agree that there are more benefits than risks of staying near volcanic areas as volcanoes do not erupt all the time and volcanic areas that are dormant provides people plenty of activities to do and also remains of volcanoes which may be in the form of precious materials.

(In your intro,state in your opinion if you agree or disagree)

Benefit 1:

P- Precious stones and minerals

E- Valauble minerals and precious stones like gold and diamond are present in volcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks are good resources for building materials and production of items

E- In Kimberly,South Africa, the old volcanic rocks are one of the richest sources of diamond in the world

Benefit 2:

P-Tourism

E-Volcanic landforms are tourist attractions that form an important source of revenue for locals and country.

E-An example is the ruins of Pompeii in Italy which was buried by layers of ash.tourists come to see the remains

Risk:

P-Destruction by volcanic materials

E-Volcanic materials produced by volcanic eruptions include lava and rock fragments or volcanic bombs. These volcanic materials can lead to a widespread damage of property

E-For example,the ongoing eruption of Kilauea in Hawaii since 1983 has destroyed many homes and highways.

(If agree-explain 2 benefits and 1 risk,with specific examples and explanation

 If disagree-explain 1 benefit and 2 risks,with specific examples and explanation)

Conclusion:

I agree the benefits of living near volcanic areas outweigh the risks. There have always been warning signs of potential volcanic eruptions. If national evacuation programme and relay systems are in place, precious lives can be saved and benefits can still be reaped.