Corrections for Class quiz

(i)     Using data from Fig.2, describe the relationship between tourism earnings and average length of stay of tourists in Tanzania.       [4]                                                                                                                                                                         Comments: Tasmin (perfect answer). Use the term 'Anomalie'. Majority did not state the RELATIONSHIP

Knowledge Target: Trends in Tourism ·        While tourism earnings have increased from 2006 to 2007 by US$249 million, the average length of stay of tourists remained the same at 12 days. ·        While tourism earnings further increased from 2007 to 2008 by US$90 million, the average length of stay of tourists experienced a fall of 2 days from 12 days in 2007 to 10 days in 2008. ·        While tourism earnings decreased from 2008 to 2009 by US$129 million, the average length of stay of tourists experienced an increase of 1 day from 10 days in 2008 to 11 days in 2009. ·        Therefore, there is no clear relationship between tourism earnings and average length of stay of tourists OR there is an inverse/negative relationship between tourism earning and average length of stay of tourists shown from 2007 to 2009.

(ii)    Account for the trends in tourism earnings in Tanzania from 2006 to 2009.                    [5]         Note : Must give relevant factors that can be linked to Tanzania. Eg Higher life expectancy (But does not mean they will travel to Tanzania?)

Positive increase in earnings Rise in tourism earnings from 2006 to 2008 may reflect an increase in tourist numbers to Tanzania and this may be due to: ·      People having higher global incomes. With an increase in disposable income, people have more money to spend on goods and services when travelling in Tanzania. ·      Tanzania increased investments in tourism infrastructure and services. Tourists are attracted to Tanzania through investments in transport and accommodation infrastructure as they enjoy greater convenience and accessibility. ·      Tourists developing varied interests due to education and the influence of globalisation, they are attracted to many different destinations which offer different experiences and not just one region. The exotic destination of Tanzania which provides tourists with a uniquely different experience could attract more tourists thus increasing its tourism earnings. Not in question : Fall in tourism earnings from 2008-2009 may reflect a decrease in tourist numbers to Tanzania and this may be due to: ·      An economic crisis/recession which has caused many people to lose their jobs/ suffer from a wage cut, causing disposable incomes to fall and less people able to afford to travel. ·      Worldwide pandemics such as SARS and swine flu which has deterred tourists from travelling for fear they may contract the disease.

B) REASONS FOR GROWTH

* ‘Better and affordable transport is the main reason for the growth of global tourism.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Support your answer using evidence.                                                                                                                       [6] Note : MUST Give 3 factors! First factor must be on TRANSPORT!

Better and affordable transport, More air routes and agreement, Disposable income, Leisure time Development in technology has led to great improvements in safety, shorter travelling time and lower travelling costs for the average person. Currently, aeroplanes can fly non-stop for 15,000 kilometres and travel at 800 to 1000km per hour. A commercial flight from Singapore to London now takes around 14 hours. Budget airlines such as Jetstar Asia and Tiger Airways are able to sell cheaper tickets than major commercial airlines as their aircrafts are smaller and more fuel-efficient. Costs are further reduced by selling tickets online rather than through travel agents. However, besides better and affordable transport, there are other factors that cause the growth of global tourism. Disposable income is the amount of income left to an individual after taxes have been paid. It is the amount of income available for spending and saving. With rapid economic growth, countries such as China and India experienced a growing number of middle income and high-income groups. These are the groups who can afford to spend more on goods, services and tours. Changing lifestyle refers to the change in the way people live throughout their lifetime. The pace of life today is much faster with longer working hours. Therefore, travelling becomes a way for people to relax and take a break from their fast-paced lifestyles at work and at home. Due to advances in medical technology and knowledge, people are now more health conscious and lead healthier lifestyles. They live longer and are physically fit to travel frequently. This is evidenced by the increasing number of healthy retirees. Travelling is also a way for the retirees to spend the remainder of their healthy years productively. Retirees are major contributors to the growth of tourism. Cruises are popular with retirees and they make up many of the passengers on cruise ships in the Caribbean and the Mediterranean. Leisure time is the part of a day, week or year when people have no work commitments. It becomes a time for relaxation. With more income and paid leave, the middle income to high-income groups is more inclined to travel. In many DCs and LDCs, people in all income groups have enjoyed shorter working weeks with more public holidays and more paid annual leave which allowed more people to travel. In Australia, many employees can exchange paid overtime work for leave. This increases their chances of taking longer weekend breaks. In Canada, there has also been an increase in additional breaks and extended weekends.